Industries Most Exposed to U.S. Tariffs on Canada, Mexico, and China

On March 4, 2025, the U.S. imposed a 25% tariff on imports from Canada and Mexico and doubled tariffs on Chinese goods from 10% to 20%, citing concerns over illegal immigration and drug trafficking.  In response, Canada, Mexico, and China—America’s largest trade partners—implemented countermeasures.  However, the U.S. has since temporarily paused tariffs on Canadian and Mexican imports, while the increased tariffs on Chinese goods remain in effect. 

Certain industries will bear the effect of these tariffs more than others. Sectors heavily reliant on imports from Canada, China, and Mexico will be hit the hardest. Using trade flow data from the United States International Trade Commission, we have identified the ten most exposed industries—measured by the total value of imports from these three countries— at the 6-digit NAICS level, detailed in Table 1. If these tariffs remain in place, businesses in these sectors will face significant economic strain.

Table 1: Top Ten Industries by Total Imports from Canada, China, and Mexico in 2024, Billions USD

Industries Most Exposed to U.S. Tariffs on Canada, Mexico, and China

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